The indians
the removal of the cherokee and creek
The Georgia General Assembly wanted to get rid of the Indians so they would try to push the out. Georgia first tried to get rid of the creek. The Oconee war took place between the 2 and the the president called Cheif Alexander Mcgillivary to New York the sign The Treaty Of New York. This stated that the creek gave up all there land east of the Oconee river. The president stated that no settlers would go onto there land and that they would give them farms and tools. Then a leader from Suwanee declared that the Creek should fight for there land. those who didn't want war were called the white sticks. Those who did want war were called the red sticks. Then in February 12,1825 Cheif William Mclntosh was discussing the Treaty Of Indian Springs, Where the creek would give up all there land but they would get $200,000. The other creeks did not like this so about 400 men marched to his house and burned it. they shot him 4 times and they skinned him. Then President Jefferson passed the law were the creeks had to go. The same thing happened to the Cherokee exceot they left because of the gold.
Alexander McGillivray
He was a chief of the Creek and He signed the Treaty of New York
William McIntosh
He was Another Chief of the Creek and the creek did not like him very much. He signed the Treaty of Indian Springs Which gave up all the Creeks land and 400 men marched to his house and killed him.
Sequoyah
Created the first alphabet for the Indians. They created there own newspaper once this was created Called the Cherokee Pheonix.
John Ross
John Ross became principal chief of the Cherokee Nation in 1827, following the establishment of a government modeled on that of the United States. As Ross took control of the Cherokee government in 1827, white Georgians increased their efforts to remove the Cherokees from the Southeast. The discovery of gold on Cherokee land fueled their desire to possess the area, which was dotted with prosperous plantations like Ross's. The Indian Removal Bill passed by Congress in 1830 provided legal authority to begin the removal process. Ross's fight against the 1832 Georgia lottery, designed to give away Cherokee lands, was the first of many political battles.
the Dahlonega Gold Rush
The Gold rush was one of the reasons left. Dahlonega was located in Cherokee land so the Georgia assembly really had to get them out. So a bunch of people were trespassing into there land
Worcester v. Georgia
In the court case Worcester v. Georgia, the U.S. Supreme Court held in 1832 that the Cherokee Indians constituted a nation holding distinct sovereign powers. In the 1820s and 1830s Georgia conducted a relentless campaign to remove the Cherokees, who held territory within the borders of Georgia, North Carolina, Alabama, and Tennessee at the time. In 1827 the Cherokees established a constitutional government. The Cherokees were not only restructuring their government but also declaring to the American public that they were a sovereign nation that could not be removed without their consent. An infuriated Georgia legislature responded by purporting to extend its jurisdiction over the Cherokees living in the state's declared boundaries. The state annexed the Cherokee lands; abolished their government, courts, and laws; and established a process for seizing Cherokee land and distributing it to the state's white citizens. In 1830 representatives from Georgia and the other southern states pushed through Congress the Indian Removal Act, which gave U.S. president Andrew Jackson the authority to negotiate removal treaties with the Native American tribes.
Andrew Jackson
Was the president at the time of the Indian Removal and He declared the the moving of the Indians out of Gerorgia.
John Marshall
Chief Justice John Marshall laid out in this opinion that the relationship between the Indian Nations and the United States is that of nations. He argued that the United States, in the character of the federal government, inherited the rights of Great Britain as they were held by that nation. Those rights, he stated, include the sole right to deal with the Indian nations in North America, to the exclusion of any other European power.
Trail of tears
The Trail of Tears is a name given to the forced relocation of Native American nations from southeastern parts of the United States following the Indian Removal Act of 1830.